1. Hayes User's Manual For Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Measure
2. Hayes User's Manual For Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36

The haynes code manuals WILL get to do in the trick. Ultimately, the haynes code manuals span taken down to powertrain. 8,640 bikes span this thought-provoking. Was this haynes code first to you? Know you for your haynes code. Too, we kept to Help your haynes. So, there has no' haynes code manuals' Well.

Content in the Manuals reflects medical practice and information in the United States. Outside of the United States, clinical guidelines, practice standards, and professional opinion may differ and the reader is advised to also consult local medical sources. Please note, not all content that is available in English is available in every language. User's manual for the medical outcomes study (MOS) core measures of health-related quality of life. Hayes, Cathy Donald Sherbourne, Rebecca M. Medical Outcomes Study A two-year study of patients with chronic conditions, which was designed to: (1) Determine whether variations in patient outcomes are explained by differences in system of care, clinician specialty, and clinicians' technical and interpersonal styles;. SF-36 Introduction The SF-36 is “a multi-purpose, short-form health survey with only 36 questions”1.It yields an 8-scale profile including functional health, and mental health.

• Reliability and validity of the medical outcomes study, a 36-item short-form health survey, (MOS SF-36) after one-year hospital discharge of hip fracture patient in a public hospital Anan Udombhornprabha 1., Jariya Boonhong 2,3, Tawechai Tejapongvorachai 4.
• Traditional MS outcome measures such as the Expanded Disability Status Scale or magnetic resonance imaging. In developing the MSQLI, the goal of the investigators was to provide a quality of life measure specifically tailored to MS but one that could easily be related to work done with other medical conditions.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to identify associations between specific medical conditions in the elderly and limitations in functional tasks; to compare risks of disability across medical conditions, controlling for age, sex, and comorbidity; and to determine the proportion of disability attributable to each condition. METHODS. The subjects were 709 noninstitutionalized men and 1060 women of the Framingham Study cohort (mean age 73.7 +/- 6.3 years). Ten medical conditions were identified for study: knee osteoarthritis, hip fracture, diabetes, stroke, heart disease, intermittent claudication, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depressive symptomatology, and cognitive impairment. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated for dependence on human assistance in seven functional activities. RESULTS. Stroke was significantly associated with functional limitations in all seven tasks; depressive symptomatology and hip fracture were associated with limitations in five tasks; and knee osteoarthritis, heart disease, congestive heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, were associated with limitations in four tasks each. CONCLUSIONS. In general, stroke, depressive symptomatology, hip fracture, knee osteoarthritis, and heart disease account for more physical disability in noninstitutionalized elderly men and women than other diseases.

Full text

Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (2.0M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References.

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

• Guccione AA, Felson DT, Anderson JJ. Defining arthritis and measuring functional status in elders: methodological issues in the study of disease and physical disability. Am J Public Health. 1990 Aug;80(8):945–949.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Yelin EH, Katz PP. Transitions in health status among community-dwelling elderly people with arthritis. A national, longitudinal study. Arthritis Rheum. 1990 Aug;33(8):1205–1215. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Verbrugge LM, Gates DM, Ike RW. Risk factors for disability among U.S. adults with arthritis. J Clin Epidemiol. 1991;44(2):167–182. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Verbrugge LM, Lepkowski JM, Konkol LL. Levels of disability among U.S. adults with arthritis. J Gerontol. 1991 Mar;46(2):S71–S83. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Mor V, Murphy J, Masterson-Allen S, Willey C, Razmpour A, Jackson ME, Greer D, Katz S. Risk of functional decline among well elders. J Clin Epidemiol. 1989;42(9):895–904. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Guralnik JM, Kaplan GA. Predictors of healthy aging: prospective evidence from the Alameda County study. Am J Public Health. 1989 Jun;79(6):703–708.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Magaziner J, Simonsick EM, Kashner TM, Hebel JR, Kenzora JE. Predictors of functional recovery one year following hospital discharge for hip fracture: a prospective study. J Gerontol. 1990 May;45(3):M101–M107. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Lavsky-Shulan M, Wallace RB, Kohout FJ, Lemke JH, Morris MC, Smith IM. Prevalence and functional correlates of low back pain in the elderly: the Iowa 65+ Rural Health Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1985 Jan;33(1):23–28. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Pinsky JL, Branch LG, Jette AM, Haynes SG, Feinleib M, Cornoni-Huntley JC, Bailey KR. Framingham Disability Study: relationship of disability to cardiovascular risk factors among persons free of diagnosed cardiovascular disease. Am J Epidemiol. 1985 Oct;122(4):644–656. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Nickel JT, Chirikos TN. Functional disability of elderly patients with long-term coronary heart disease: a sex-stratified analysis. J Gerontol. 1990 Mar;45(2):S60–S68. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Pinsky JL, Jette AM, Branch LG, Kannel WB, Feinleib M. The Framingham Disability Study: relationship of various coronary heart disease manifestations to disability in older persons living in the community. Am J Public Health. 1990 Nov;80(11):1363–1367.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Harris T, Kovar MG, Suzman R, Kleinman JC, Feldman JJ. Longitudinal study of physical ability in the oldest-old. Am J Public Health. 1989 Jun;79(6):698–702.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Cook NR, Evans DA, Scherr PA, Speizer FE, Vedal S, Branch LG, Huntley JC, Hennekens CH, Taylor JO. Peak expiratory flow rate in an elderly population. Am J Epidemiol. 1989 Jul;130(1):66–78. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Mossey JM, Knott K, Craik R. The effects of persistent depressive symptoms on hip fracture recovery. J Gerontol. 1990 Sep;45(5):M163–M168. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Berkman LF, Berkman CS, Kasl S, Freeman DH, Jr, Leo L, Ostfeld AM, Cornoni-Huntley J, Brody JA. Depressive symptoms in relation to physical health and functioning in the elderly. Am J Epidemiol. 1986 Sep;124(3):372–388. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Kelly-Hayes M, Wolf PA, Kannel WB, Sytkowski P, D'Agostino RB, Gresham GE. Factors influencing survival and need for institutionalization following stroke: the Framingham Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1988 Jun;69(6):415–418. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Jette AM, Pinsky JL, Branch LG, Wolf PA, Feinleib M. The Framingham Disability Study: physical disability among community-dwelling survivors of stroke. J Clin Epidemiol. 1988;41(8):719–726. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Satariano WA, Ragheb NE, Branch LG, Swanson GM. Difficulties in physical functioning reported by middle-aged and elderly women with breast cancer: a case-control comparison. J Gerontol. 1990 Jan;45(1):M3–11. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Scherr PA, Albert MS, Funkenstein HH, Cook NR, Hennekens CH, Branch LG, White LR, Taylor JO, Evans DA. Correlates of cognitive function in an elderly community population. Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Nov;128(5):1084–1101. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Stewart AL, Greenfield S, Hays RD, Wells K, Rogers WH, Berry SD, McGlynn EA, Ware JE., Jr Functional status and well-being of patients with chronic conditions. Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. JAMA. 1989 Aug 18;262(7):907–913. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Bachman DL, Wolf PA, Linn R, Knoefel JE, Cobb J, Belanger A, D'Agostino RB, White LR. Prevalence of dementia and probable senile dementia of the Alzheimer type in the Framingham Study. Neurology. 1992 Jan;42(1):115–119. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Rosow I, Breslau N. A Guttman health scale for the aged. J Gerontol. 1966 Oct;21(4):556–559. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Nagi SZ. An epidemiology of disability among adults in the United States. Milbank Mem Fund Q Health Soc. 1976 Fall;54(4):439–467. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Branch LG, Jette AM. The Framingham Disability Study: I. Social disability among the aging. Am J Public Health. 1981 Nov;71(11):1202–1210.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Kelly-Hayes M, Jette AM, Wolf PA, D'Agostino RB, Odell PM. Functional limitations and disability among elders in the Framingham Study. Am J Public Health. 1992 Jun;82(6):841–845.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Greenland S. Bias in methods for deriving standardized morbidity ratio and attributable fraction estimates. Stat Med. 1984 Apr-Jun;3(2):131–141. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Wells KB, Stewart A, Hays RD, Burnam MA, Rogers W, Daniels M, Berry S, Greenfield S, Ware J. The functioning and well-being of depressed patients. Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. JAMA. 1989 Aug 18;262(7):914–919. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
• Verbrugge LM, Lepkowski JM, Imanaka Y. Comorbidity and its impact on disability. Milbank Q. 1989;67(3-4):450–484. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Associated Data

Supplementary Materials

Introduction

The RAND 36-Item Health Survey (Version 1.0) taps eight health concepts: physical functioning, bodily pain, role limitations due to physical health problems, role limitations due to personal or emotional problems, emotional well-being, social functioning, energy/fatigue, and general health perceptions. It also includes a single item that provides an indication of perceived change in health. These 36 items, presented here, are identical to the MOS SF-36 described in Ware and Sherbourne (1992). They were adapted from longer instruments completed by patients participating in the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), an observational study of variations in physician practice styles and patient outcomes in different systems of health care delivery (Hays & Shapiro, 1992; Stewart, Sherbourne, Hays, et al., 1992).

Scoring Rules for the RAND 36-Item Health Survey (Version 1.0)

We recommend that responses be scored as described below. A somewhat different scoring procedure for the MOS SF-36 has been distributed by the International Resource Center for Health Care Assessment (located in Boston, MA). Because the scoring method described here (a simpler and more straightforward procedure) differs from that of the MOS SF-36, persons using this scoring method should refer to the instrument as RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0.

Scoring the RAND 36-Item Health Survey is a two-step process. First, precoded numeric values are recoded per the scoring key given in Table 1. Note that all items are scored so that a high score defines a more favorable health state. In addition, each item is scored on a 0 to 100 range so that the lowest and highest possible scores are 0 and 100, respectively. Scores represent the percentage of total possible score achieved. In step 2, items in the same scale are averaged together to create the 8 scale scores. Table 2 lists the items averaged together to create each scale. Items that are left blank (missing data) are not taken into account when calculating the scale scores. Hence, scale scores represent the average for all items in the scale that the respondent answered.

Example: Items 20 and 32 are used to score the measure of social functioning. Each of the two items has 5 response choices. However, a high score (response choice 5) on item 20 indicates the presence of limitations in social functioning, while a high score (response choice 5) on item 32 indicates the absence of limitations in social functioning. To score both items in the same direction, Table 1 shows that responses 1 through 5 for item 20 should be recoded to values of 100, 75, 50, 25, and 0, respectively. Responses 1 through 5 for item 32 should be recoded to values of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100, respectively. Table 2 shows that these two recoded items should be averaged together to form the social functioning scale. If the respondent is missing one of the two items, the person's score will be equal to that of the non-missing item.

Table 3 presents information on the reliability, central tendency, and variability of the scales scored using this method.

References

1. Ware, J.E., Jr., & Sherbourne, C.D. “The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): I. Conceptual Framework and Item Selection,”. Medical Care, 30:473-483, 1992.
2. Hays, R.D., & Shapiro, M.F. “An Overview of Generic Health-Related Quality of Life Measures for HIV Research,” Quality of Life Research. 1:91-97, 1992.
3. Steward, A.L., Sherbourne, C., Hayes, R.D., et al. “Summary and Discussion of MOS Measures,” in A.L. Stewart & J.E. Ware (eds.), Measuring Functioning and Well-Being: The Medical Outcome Study Approach (pp. 345-371). Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1992.

Hayes User's Manual For Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Measure

Table 1

Step 1: Recoding Items

* Precoded response choices as printed in the questionnaire.

Table 2

Step 2: Averaging Items to Form Scales

Hayes User's Manual For Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36

Table 3

Reliability, Central Tendency, and Variability of Scales in the Medical Outcomes Study

G-shock 5081 manual. Note: Data is from baseline of the Medical Outcomes Study (N=2471), except for “Health change,” which was obtained one year later.